{"id":5212,"date":"2025-11-05T15:05:50","date_gmt":"2025-11-05T14:05:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vojvodjanske.rs\/?p=5212"},"modified":"2026-05-02T09:16:54","modified_gmt":"2026-05-02T07:16:54","slug":"gradski-muzej-colchicum-arenarium-w-et-k-herbarijumski-list","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vojvodjanske.rs\/?p=5212","title":{"rendered":"GRADSKI MUZEJ: COLCHICUM ARENARIUM W. ET K., HERBARIJUMSKI LIST"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\"><strong>Predmet meseca Gradskog muzeja Subotica &#8211;\u00a0Colchicum arenarium W. et K., herbarijumski list<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\"><strong>Prirodnja\u010dko odeljenje, inv. br. PB-1244, Gradski muzej Subotica<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">Jesen je u prirodi period prolaznosti i po\u010dinka, \u010dije karakteristi\u010dne boje daju \u017eute i crvenkaste nijanse li\u0161\u0107a. Ipak, pojedine vrste biljaka upravo tada zapo\u010dinju svoje cvetanje \u2013 me\u0111u njima je i jedan od dragulja na\u0161ih pe\u0161\u010dara, a u Srbiji izuzetno retka biljka mrazovac pe\u0161\u010darski. Zbog toga je Gradski muzej Subotica za predmet meseca novembra izabrao herbarijumski list iz botani\u010dke zbirke na kojem se nalaze tri primerka ove vrste. Primerke je sakupio dr Bela \u0160turc, poznati suboti\u010dki profesor biologije i botani\u010dar, tokom jeseni 1984. godine na podru\u010dju koje danas u\u017eiva za\u0161titu pod nazivom Specijalni rezervat prirode \u201eSelevenjske pustare\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">Mrazovac pe\u0161\u010darski (<em>Colchicum arenarium<\/em> W. et K.) pripada redu ljiljana (<em>Liliales<\/em>) i porodici mrazovaca (<em>Colchicaceae<\/em>). Ova vrsta je lukovi\u010dasta vi\u0161egodi\u0161nja biljka visoka 5-15 cm. Listovi joj se razvijaju u prole\u0107e, sivozeleni su, uski lancetasto-kopljasti, vlasasti poput trave, dugi 10\u201315 cm i \u0161iroki 0,3\u20130,5 cm, u broju od 2 do 5. Tokom leta listovi se su\u0161e, a u jesen se pojavljuju prizemni cvetovi, kojih ima od 1 do 10, ponekad i vi\u0161e. Boja cvetova varira od svetloru\u017ei\u010daste do ljubi\u010daste. Cvetna kruna sastavljena od uskih, kopljastih latica dugih 2,5\u20133,5 cm, \u0161irokih 3\u201310 mm. Broj pra\u0161nika je \u0161est. Tokom opra\u0161ivanja, polne \u0107elije se u vi\u0161e od 10 cm dugom stubi\u0107u spu\u0161taju ispod povr\u0161ine zemlje do plodnika, gde dolazi do oplodnje. Plodovi su vretenaste trodelne \u010daure, duge 1\u20132 cm koje izbijaju iz zemlje slede\u0107eg prole\u0107a, zajedno sa listovima.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">Mrazovac pe\u0161\u010darski je strogo za\u0161ti\u0107ena biljka koja raste na pe\u0161\u010danim travnjacima i ponekad, u \u0161umama koje su na njima zasa\u0111ene. To je pionirska vrsta koja najbolje uspeva na otvorenim pe\u0161\u010danim dinama. Panonski subendemik, tj. autohtona vrsta na\u0161eg podru\u010dja, rasprostranjena pre svega u Panonskoj niziji. Najve\u0107e populacije nalaze se u Ma\u0111arskoj, izme\u0111u Dunava i Tise, ali se javlja i u Ukrajini, Rumuniji i Moldaviji. U Srbiji je veoma retka, a njena rasprostranjenost slabo je dokumentovana \u2013 osim u Selevenjskoj \u0161umi, zabele\u017eena je jo\u0161 samo u Deliblatskoj pe\u0161\u010dari i na Titelskom platou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">Vrsta ima slabu sposobnost \u0161irenja i osetljivo reaguje na isu\u0161ivanje stani\u0161ta, koje izaziva pre svega sni\u017eavanje nivoa podzemnih voda. Na njen opstanak negativno uti\u010de i zatvaranje vegetacije, kao i agresivno \u0161irenje bagrema, ameri\u010dkog koprivi\u0107a i kiselog drveta, ali i prekomerna ispa\u0161a, ko\u0161enje te\u0161kim ma\u0161inama i paljenje travnatih povr\u0161ina. Zbog svoje retkosti i osetljivosti, mrazovac pe\u0161\u010darski je u svim zemljama u kojima raste \u2013 pa tako i u Srbiji \u2013 strogo za\u0161ti\u0107ena vrsta.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">Tekst: Gabrijela Kajdo\u010di Lovas, biolog-antropolog, muzejski savetnik<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">Fotografija: Svetlana Kolovi\u0107, fotograf<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">Izvor: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.subotica.info\/\">subotica.info<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Predmet meseca Gradskog muzeja Subotica &#8211;\u00a0Colchicum arenarium W. et K., herbarijumski list Prirodnja\u010dko odeljenje, inv. br. PB-1244, Gradski muzej Subotica Jesen je u prirodi period&hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5213,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[16],"tags":[147],"class_list":["post-5212","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultura","tag-gradski-muzej-subotica"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/vojvodjanske.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/suinfo-01colchicum_arenarium_1244.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vojvodjanske.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5212","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vojvodjanske.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vojvodjanske.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vojvodjanske.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vojvodjanske.rs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5212"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vojvodjanske.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5212\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5214,"href":"https:\/\/vojvodjanske.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5212\/revisions\/5214"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vojvodjanske.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5213"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vojvodjanske.rs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5212"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vojvodjanske.rs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5212"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vojvodjanske.rs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5212"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}